Student Support Resources

Barber, John. “Canada’s Indigenous schools policy was ‘cultural genocide’, says report.” The Guardian (Jun. 2, 2015). — https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/02/canada-indigenous-schools-cultural-genocide-report

Taylor, Adam. “Did Canada commit a ‘cultural genocide’?” Washington Post (Jun. 5, 2015). — https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2015/06/05/did-canada-commit-a-cultural-genocide/   

Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada — http://www.trc.ca/index.html

Understanding Settler Colonialism

Bruce, Jean. “The Last Best West: Advertising for immigrants to Western Canada, 1870 – 1930.” Canadian Museum of History — https://www.historymuseum.ca/cmc/exhibitions/hist/advertis/ads1-01e.html#menu

Eidinger, Andrea & York-Bertram, Sarah. Imagining a better future: An introduction to teaching and learning about settler colonialism in Canada. Unwritten Histories (Feb. 20, 2018).

McLean, Sheelah: ““We built a life from nothing”: White settler colonialism and the myth of meritocracy” (2018) — https://www.policyalternatives.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/publications/National%20Office/2017/12/McLean.pdf

 

Undoing the Mess of Settler Colonialism

Alfred, Taiaiake. “For Indigenous nations to live, colonial mentalities must die.” Policy Options (Oct. 13, 2017). — https://policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/october-2017/for-indigenous-nations-to-live-colonial-mentalities-must-die/

Palmater, Pam. “Abolishing the Indian Act means eliminating First Nations’ rights.” Maclean’s (Oct. 10, 2019). — https://www.macleans.ca/opinion/abolishing-the-indian-act-means-eliminating-first-nations-rights/

Palmater, Pam. “What we’re seeing in 2020 is Idle No More 2.0.” Maclean’s (Sep. 15, 2020). — https://www.macleans.ca/opinion/what-were-seeing-in-2020-is-idle-no-more-2-0/

Wotton, Pandora. “Indigenous realities: Tayka Raymond calls on participants to ‘Decolonize your mind’.” The McGill Daily (Nov. 25, 2019). — https://www.mcgilldaily.com/2019/11/indigenous-realities/#close-modal

Canadian Legislation & Policies regarding Indigenous Peoples

Policing 

Butts, Edward. “North-West Mounted Police.” The Canadian Encyclopedia (Feb. 7, 2006). — https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/north-west-mounted-police

Canadaland Podcasts. “The Police 2: The Secret History of the RCMP.” Commons (Oct. 28, 2020) — https://www.canadaland.com/podcast/the-police-2-the-secret-history-of-the-rcmp/  

CBC Podcasts. “How Mountie mythology helped create a romantic vision of Canada.” The Secret Life of Canada (Sep. 16, 2020). — https://www.cbc.ca/radio/secretlifeofcanada/how-mountie-mythology-helped-create-a-romantic-vision-of-canada-1.5726339

CBC Podcasts. “The Mounties always get their land, Part II.” The Secret Life of Canada (Nov. 11, 2020). — https://www.cbc.ca/listen/cbc-podcasts/203-the-secret-life-of-canada/episode/15808042-s3-the-mounties-always-get-their-land-part-2  

Indian Act

History. “White Paper, Red Paper.” In Stolen Lives: The Indigenous Peoples of Canada and the Indian Residential Schools. — https://www.facinghistory.org/stolen-lives-indigenous-peoples-canada-and-indian-residential-schools/chapter-8/white-paper-red-paper

Native Women’s Association of Canada. “The Indian Act said what?” [Timeline infographic] (2018). — https://www.nwac.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/The-Indian-Act-Said-WHAT-pdf-1.pdf

Reserves & the Pass System

Indigenous Corporate Training, Inc. “8 First Nation reserve FAQ’s” (Mar. 6, 2015). — https://www.ictinc.ca/blog/8-first-nation-reserve-faqs

Nestor, Rob. “Pass system in Canada.” The Canadian Encyclopedia (Jul. 16, 2018). — https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/pass-system-in-canada      

Residential Schools

Atrocities against Indigenous Canadians for Dummies. “Issue 1: Resources” — https://www.atrocitiesagainstindigenouscanadians.com/issue-1-resources

Sixties Scoop

Live & Learn. “Have you heard about the Sixties Scoop?” (May 30, 2018). — https://livelearn.ca/article/living-in-manitoba/have-you-heard-about-the-sixties-scoop/

 

Health & Quality of Life

Dowling-Savelle, Lindsay. “Q&A: Systemic racism in Canada’s health care system.” Medical Xpress (Oct. 19, 2020). — https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-10-qa-racism-canada-health.html

Russell, Andrew. “Trudeau won’t commit to ending boil-water advisories on First Nations by 2021.” Global News (Oct. 23, 2020) — https://globalnews.ca/news/7416559/trudeau-boil-water-advisories-first-nations-2021/

Schiffer, Jeffrey J. “Why Aboriginal peoples can’t just ‘Get over it’: Understanding and addressing intergenerational trauma.” Visions, vol. 11, no. 4, Indigenous People: Reconciliation and Healing, 2016, pp. 10-11Here to Help BC (2016). — https://www.heretohelp.bc.ca/visions/indigenous-people-vol11/why-aboriginal-peoples-cant-just-get-over-it

 

Child Welfare & Education

Blackstock, Cindy. “Blackstock: One year later, Liberals still discriminate against First Nations children.” Ottawa Citizen (Oct. 17, 2016) — https://ottawacitizen.com/opinion/columnists/blackstock-one-year-later-liberals-still-discriminate-against-first-nations-children

Canadaland. “Chapter 3: Deathly low priority.” Thunder Bay Podcast (Oct. 28, 2018). — https://www.canadaland.com/podcast/chapter-3-deathly-low-priority/   

 

Criminal Justice, Violence & Policing

Chartrand, Vicki. “Broken system: Why is a quarter of Canada’s prison population Indigenous?” The Conversation (Feb 18, 2018) — https://theconversation.com/broken-system-why-is-a-quarter-of-canadas-prison-population-indigenous-91562

Daum Shanks, Signa. “The trial about Colten Boushie’s death exposed flaws in the criminal trial process and the justice system, including a reluctance to consider racism.” Policy Options (Sep 24, 2018). — https://policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/september-2018/legal-and-systemic-issues-left-unexamined-in-stanley-trial/

Government of Canada | Office of the Correctional Investigator: “Indigenous people in federal custody surpasses 30%: Correctional Investigator issues statement and challenge” (Jan 21, 2020) — https://www.canada.ca/en/public-safety-canada/news/2020/01/indigenous-people-in-federal-custody-surpasses-30-correctional-investigator-issues-statement-and-challenge.html

National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women & Girls — https://www.mmiwg-ffada.ca/

The Guardian. Not Invisible [Series on violence against Indigenous women] — https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/series/not-invisible

Understanding Racism

TEDx Talks. Implicit bias — How it affects us and how we push through | Melanie Funchess. YouTube (Oct. 16, 2014). [16 min.]

McKay-Panos, Linda. Human rights | The importance of distinguishing racism from racial discrimination. Law Now (Sep 1, 2020).

Oluo, Ijeoma. Confronting racism is not about the needs and feelings of white people. The Guardian (Mar. 28, 2019).

Ajadi, Tari. The race conversation Vancouver needs to have. The Tyee (Aug. 7, 2013).

 

How Does Racism Hurt People?

Canadian Psychological Association. “Psychology Works” Fact sheet: Racism (8 Aug. 2020).

Canadian Public Health Association. Racism is a public health issue in Canada—it’s time to speak out. (17 Dec. 2018).

Chartrand, Vicki. Broken system: Why is a quarter of Canada’s prison population Indigenous?. The Conversation (18 Feb. 2018).

Deschamps, Tara. Canadian people of colour carry an ’emotional tax’ at work. The Hamilton Spectator (24 July 2019).

Henry, Annette. Dear white people, wake up: Canada is racist. The Conversation (6 Sep. 2017). 

Martis, Eternity. When racism makes people sick. West End Phoenix (24 Nov. 2020).

Palmater, Pam. Yes, Canada has a racism crisis and it’s killing Black and Indigenous peoples. Canadian Dimension (3 June 2020). [Archived]

Slaughter, Graham. Five charts that show what systemic racism looks like in Canada. CTV News (4 June 2020).

Wilson, Jillian. This is what racial trauma does to the body and brain. HuffPost (1 July 2020).

 

Anti-Racism & Reconciliation Resources

Cargle, Rachel Elizabeth. #DoTheWork 30-day course. 

Daliri, Erfan. Let’s talk about how anti-racism benefits everyone.

Experiences Canada — Anti racism resources.  

Experiences Canada — Reconciliation resources.

Government of Canada — Federal Anti-Racism Secretariat. 

Montreal Urban Aboriginal Community Strategy Network  — Indigenous Ally Toolkit.

Kingston Frontenac Public Library. Anti-racism resources for teens. [Book recommendations]

Lamont, Amélie. The guide to allyship (2021).

Terry, Ruth. How to be an active bystander when you see casual racism. New York Times (29 Oct. 2020).

United Nations — Fight racism 

General

Blattberg, Charles. Canadian Identity. The Canadian Encyclopedia (2013).

Canada Guide. Culture.

Cultural Atlas. Canadian Culture (2016).

Elghawaby, Amira; E. Chorney-Booth; J. Wei & D. Paradis. Canadian Multiculturalism: A Work in Progress. The Walrus (6 Dec. 2021).

Norris, Doug. Census 2021: Canada’s Cultural Diversity Continues to Increase. Environics Analytics (26 Oct. 2022).

 

Indigenous Realities

The Canadian Encyclopedia. Collection: Indigenous Peoples

CBC News Interactives. I Am Indigenous (2017).

Johns, Anthony. I AM INDIGENOUS (video series). Fanshaw College | FIRST (Fanshaw Innovation Research Scholarship Teaching).

Keep Calm and Decolonize. CBC Arts (2017).

National Film Board. Channels | Indigenous Voices & Reconciliation.

Working It Out Together. — A magazine for contemporary Indigenous voices.

Black, Jaime. REDress Project. — https://www.jaimeblackartist.com/exhibitions/

CBC Firsthand: “Colonization Road” (2019) [44 mins.] — https://gem.cbc.ca/media/firsthand/season-2/episode-9/38e815a-00b9abca4fc

I am Indigenous. CBC News | Interactives (2017). — https://www.cbc.ca/news2/interactives/i-am-indigenous-2017/

Ideas: Revisiting Thomas King’s Massey Lectures. CBC Podcasts (2020). — https://www.cbc.ca/radio/ideas/stories-can-be-both-wondrous-and-dangerous-according-to-writer-thomas-king-1.5593496 

Media Indigena Podcast — https://mediaindigena.com/

Native Land — https://native-land.ca/

Native Women’s Association of Canada — https://www.nwac.ca/ 

Sacred Land Film Project — https://sacredland.org/

 

(South) Asian Canadian Realities

Buchignani, Norman. South Asian Canadians. The Canadian Encyclopedia (12 May 2010).

The Canadian Encyclopedia. Collection: Asian Heritage in Canada.

Statistics Canada | The Daily. Asian Heritage Month 2022…by the Numbers (2022).

University of the Fraser Valley | South Asian Studies Institute. History of South Asians in Canada: Timeline. South Asian Canadian Heritage.

 

Black Canadian Realities

ByBlacks

CBC. Being Black in Canada.
de Bruin, Tabitha. St.G. “Black Canadians.” The Canadian Encyclopedia (19 Feb. 2013).

Morgan, Jalani, Levinson-King, Robin & Murphy, Jessica. “Black in Canada: 10 Stories.” BBC News.

The Canadian Encyclopedia. Collection: Black History in Canada.